ImageBeamSet.h

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#ifndef IMAGES_IMAGEBEAMSET_H
#define IMAGES_IMAGEBEAMSET_H

#include <casacore/casa/aips.h>
#include <casacore/casa/Arrays/Matrix.h>
#include <casacore/scimath/Mathematics/GaussianBeam.h>
//#include <casacore/measures/Measures/Stokes.h>
//#include <map>

namespace casacore {

class SpectralCoordinate;

class CoordinateSystem;

// <summary>
// Represents a set of restoring beams associated with an image.
// </summary>

// <use visibility=export>

// <reviewed reviewer="" date="yyyy/mm/dd" tests="" demos="">
// </reviewed>

// <prerequisite>
// </prerequisite>

// <etymology>
// A Set of Beams associated with an Image.
// </etymology>

// <synopsis>
// This class represents a set of restoring beams associated with
// a deconvolved image. Internally, the beams are stored in a Matrix in
// which the first dimension represents the spectral axis and the second
// dimension represents the polarization axis. Methods which take the number
// of channels and stokes as the input parameters will accept 0 for either of
// these, in the cases where the corresponding axis is absent, but internally,
// the associated axis of the storage Matrix will be set to one since a Matrix
// with one dimension of length 0 must be empty. If one (or both) of the axes is
// of length 1, the beam associated with that position is valid for all channels or
// stokes at the position. For example, if one has an image with 10 spectral channels
// and 4 stokes, and one has a beam set of dimensions (1, 4) associated with that image,
// all channels for a given stokes will have the same beam. Similarly, if the beam set
// is of shape (10, 1) in this case, all stokes will have the same beam for a given channel.
// If the axis lengths of the beam set are greater than one, they must be exactly
// the same length of the corresponding axes in the associated image.
// </synopsis>
//
// <example>

// </example>


// <motivation>
// Restoring beams are used many places in image analysis tasks.
// </motivation>

// <todo>
// </todo>

class ImageBeamSet {
public:

    typedef Array<GaussianBeam>::const_iterator BeamIter;

    // Construct an empty beam set.
    ImageBeamSet();

    // Construct a beam set from an 2-D array of beams representing
    // the frequency and stokes axis.
    // Axis length 1 means it is valid for all channels cq. stokes.
    // If the image has 0 spectral channels or stokes, the corresponding
    // length of the axis in the provided matrix should be 1.
    ImageBeamSet(
        const Matrix<GaussianBeam>& beams
    );

    // construct an ImageBeamSet representing a single beam which is valid for
    // all channels and stokes
    ImageBeamSet(const GaussianBeam& beam);

    // Create an ImageBeamSet of the specified shape with all
    // GaussianBeams initialized to <src>beam</src>.
    ImageBeamSet(uInt nchan, uInt nstokes, const GaussianBeam& beam=GaussianBeam::NULL_BEAM);

    // The copy constructor (reference semantics).
    ImageBeamSet(const ImageBeamSet& other);

    ~ImageBeamSet();

    // Assignment can change the shape (copy semantics).
    ImageBeamSet& operator=(const ImageBeamSet& other);

    // Beam sets are equal if the shapes and all corresponding beams are equal.
    Bool operator== (const ImageBeamSet& other) const;
    Bool operator!= (const ImageBeamSet& other) const;

    // Beam sets are equivalent if both have no beams or if the
    // expanded sets are equal. Expanded means that an axis can have
    // length 0 or 1 and is (virtually) expanded to the length of the matching
    // axis in the other beam set.
    Bool equivalent (const ImageBeamSet& that) const;

    // Get the number of elements in the beam array.
    // <group>
    uInt nelements() const
      { return _beams.size(); }
    uInt size() const
      { return _beams.size(); }
    // </group>

    Bool hasSingleBeam() const
      { return _beams.size() == 1; }

    // Does this beam set contain multiple beams?
    Bool hasMultiBeam() const
      { return _beams.size() > 1; }

    // Is the beam set empty?
    Bool empty() const
      { return _beams.empty(); }

    // Get the shape of the beam array. The minimum value for
    // a component of the returned IPosition is always 1.
    const IPosition& shape() const
      { return _beams.shape(); }

    // Get the number of channels in the beam array. Note that this will
    // always return a minimum of 1, even if nchan was specified as 0 on construction.
    uInt nchan() const
      { return _beams.shape()[0]; }

    // Get the number of stokes in the beam array. Note that this will always
    // return a minimum of 1, even if nstokes was specified as 0 on construction.
    uInt nstokes() const
      { return _beams.shape()[1]; }

    // Get the single global beam. If there are multiple beams,
    // an exception is thrown.
    const GaussianBeam& getBeam() const;

    // Get the beam at the specified location.
    // Note that a single channel or stokes in the beam set is valid for
    // all channels cq. stokes.
    // <group>
    const GaussianBeam& getBeam(Int chan, Int stokes) const;
    const GaussianBeam &operator()(Int chan, Int stokes) const
      { return getBeam (chan, stokes); }
    // </group>

    // Get a beam at the given 2-dim IPosition. It should match exactly,
    // thus a single channel or stokes in the beam set is not valid for all.
   // const GaussianBeam& getBeam(const IPosition& pos) const
    //  { return _beams(pos); }

    // Set the beam at the given location.
    // The location must be within the beam set shape.
    // If <src>chan</src> or <src>stokes</src> is negative, then the beam applies
    // to all channels or stokes, respectively. If both are negative, the specified
    // beam becomes the global beam and the beam set is resized to (1, 1).
    void setBeam(Int chan, Int stokes, const GaussianBeam& beam);

    // Resize the beam array. <src>nchan</src>=0 or <src>nstokes</src>=0
    // is silently changed to 1.
    void resize(uInt nchan, uInt nstokes);

    // Return a subset of the beam array.
    // The slicer is usually the slicer used for a subimage.
    // The slicer can contain multiple stokes or channels, even if the
    // beam set has only one.
    ImageBeamSet subset (const Slicer& imageSlicer,
                         const CoordinateSystem& csys) const;

    // Get the beam array.
    const Matrix<GaussianBeam>& getBeams() const
      { return _beams; }

    // Set the beams in this beam set.
    // The shape of the given array must match the beam set.
    // It also matches if an axis in array or beam set has length 1, which
    // means that it expands to the other length.
    void setBeams(const Matrix<GaussianBeam>& beams);

    // Set all beams to the same value.
    void set(const GaussianBeam& beam);

    // Get the beam in the set which has the smallest area.
    GaussianBeam getMinAreaBeam() const
      { return _minBeam; }

    // Get the beam in the set which has the largest area.
    // Get the beam in the set which has the largest area.
    GaussianBeam getMaxAreaBeam() const
      { return _maxBeam; }

    // Get the beam in the set which has the median area.
    GaussianBeam getMedianAreaBeam() const;

    // Get the position of the beam with the minimum area.
    IPosition getMinAreaBeamPosition() const
      { return _minBeamPos; }

    // Get the position of the beam with the maximum area.
    IPosition getMaxAreaBeamPosition() const
      { return _maxBeamPos; }

    // Get the minimal, maximal, and median area beams and positions in the
    // beam set matrix for the given stokes. If the stokes axis has length 1
    // in the beam matrix, it is valid for all stokes and no checking is done
    // that <src>stokes</src> is valid; the requested beam for the entire beam set
    // is simply returned in this case.
    // If the number of stokes in the beam matrix is >1, checking is done that
    // the specified value of <src>stokes</src> is valid and if not, an exception
    // is thrown.
    // <group>
    const GaussianBeam& getMinAreaBeamForPol(IPosition& pos,
                                             uInt stokes) const;

    const GaussianBeam& getMaxAreaBeamForPol(IPosition& pos,
                                             uInt stokes) const;

    const GaussianBeam& getMedianAreaBeamForPol(IPosition& pos,
                                                uInt stokes) const;
    // </group>

    static const String& className();

    // Get the beam that has the smallest minor axis. If multiple beams have
    // the smallest minor axis, the beam in this subset with the smallest area
    // will be returned.
    const GaussianBeam getSmallestMinorAxisBeam() const;

    // convert ImageBeamSet to and from record
    // <group>
    static ImageBeamSet fromRecord(const Record& rec);
    Record toRecord() const;
    //</group>

    // If verbose, log all beams, if not just summarize beam stats.
    void summarize(LogIO& log, Bool verbose, const CoordinateSystem& csys) const;

    // Modify the beam set by rotating all beams counterclockwise through the
    // specified angle. If unwrap=True, unwrap the new position angle(s) so that
    // it falls in the range -90 to 90 degrees before setting it.
    void rotate(const Quantity& angle, Bool unwrap=False);

private:

    static const String _DEFAULT_AREA_UNIT;

    Matrix<GaussianBeam> _beams;
    Matrix<Double> _areas;
    String _areaUnit;
    GaussianBeam _minBeam, _maxBeam;
    IPosition _minBeamPos, _maxBeamPos;

    void _calculateAreas();

    // Show the spectral info.
    static void _chanInfoToStream(
        ostream& os, const SpectralCoordinate *spCoord,
        const uInt chan, const uInt chanWidth, const uInt freqPrec,
        const uInt velWidth, const uInt velPrec
    );

    // Show the beam info.
    static void _beamToStream(
        ostream& os, const GaussianBeam& beam,
        const Unit& unit
    );
};

// Show the beam set info.
ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const ImageBeamSet& beamSet);

}

#endif